Total joint replacement is a surgical process in which portions of an arthritic or diseased joint are removed and replaced with a prosthesis made of metal, plastic, or ceramic. The prosthesis is intended to mimic the motion of a normal, healthy joint. Although hip and knee replacements are the most popular, replacement surgery can also be performed on other joints such as the ankle, wrist, shoulder, and elbow. A joint is formed when the ends of two or more bones come together. Within the body, there are various types of joints. The knee, for example, is classified as a "hinge" joint due to its capacity to bend and straighten like a hinged door. The hip and shoulder are "ball-and-socket" joints with rounded ends. A variety of disorders can result in joint discomfort and dysfunction, prompting patients to seek joint replacement surgery. Joint pain is frequently caused by damage to the cartilage that lines the ends of the bones (articular cartilage), which might be caused by arthritis, a fracture, or another ailment. If nonsurgical treatments such as drugs, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes do not alleviate your pain and incapacity, your doctor may consider total joint replacement.
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